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Home > Tech Info > Plywood Standard And Grade > BSI Standard and Grade
 
· BSI Standard And Grade
British Standards Institution

1.Defects Of Plywood

Table 1. Defects inherent in wood

Category

Type

1 Pin knots

 

2 Sound intergrown knots with a diameter greater than 3mm

 

3 Partially intergrown knots, unsound knots and non-adhering knots; also holes due to bores and parasitic plants

1 Partially adhering or intergrown knots
2 Non-adhering knots
3 Knots holes
4 Dog holes

4 Irregularities in the structure of the wood

1 Angle grain
2 Curly grain including burls
3 Interlocked grain
4 Spiral grain
5 Short grain

5 Splits

Checks

1 Open

2.Closed

6 Bark pockets, resin pockets and resin streaks

1. Open

2. Closed

7 Defects due to borers, vines and parasitic plants

1 Small worm holes( pinworm holes)
2 Large worm holes and worm channels
3 Marine Borer holes
4 Marks of vines or parasitic plants
5 Chicken track

8 Sound discoloration

1 Blue stain
2 Colored sap stains
3 False heartwood
4 Other discoloration such as chemical stain and color streaks
5 Mould

9 Rot

 

NOTE. Defects and characteristics inherent in wood are defined in BS 6566: Part 2.

 

Table 2. Manufacturing defects

 

Category

Type

10 Open joints

 

11 Overlaps and pleats on the surface

 

12 Blisters

 

13. Hollows

 

   Imprints

 

   Bumps

 

14 Roughness

 

15 Sanding through

 

16 Glue penetration

 

17 Inclusion of metal partial (see note 2)

 

18 Repairs

1 Patches
2 Shims
3 Synthetic filling

19 Defects at the edges of the panel

1 Sanding defects
2 Sawing defects

20 Other defects

 

NOTE. 1. Manufacturing defects are defined in BS 6566: Part 2.

NOTE. 2. It should be noted that ‘ferrous’ metal particles are prohibited in all grades in plywood.

2 Requirements for tolerances on dimensions of plywood

2.1 Compliance
When tested in accordance with appendix A, the plywood shall comply with 2.2 to 2.6.
2.2 Thickness

The deviation between the mean thickness and the nominal thickness and the maximum difference in thickness measurements within the panel shall be within the tolerance.
2.3 Edge straightness

The deviation in edge straightness shall not exceed +/- 1mm per meter length of the panel being assessed.
2.4 Squareness

The out of squareness of the edge of the panel shall not exceed +/ -1.5mm per meter of the edge of the panel being assessed. It shall be permissible to determine this by measurement of diagonals, but these differ by more than 0.25%, where there is doubt about the validity of the diagonal measuring method, e.g. when the shorter edges of the panel incline to or away from the center by a similar amount, and in case of dispute, the try-square method shall be employed.
2.5 Length and width

The tolerances on the nominal length and width of a panel shall be within +0, -4mm for the modular range (see appendix B) and within +/ -4mm for other sizes.
NOTE. Panels for some special end user may have tolerance different from those specified in this clause.
2.6 Flatness

This standard does not specify a requirement for flatness.
NOTE. The amount of distortion that can be tolerated will depend not only on the thickness of the panel, the construction and the species but also on the requirements of the end user.

 

Table 1. Thickness tolerances for veneer plywood within outer plies of coniferous species

 Maximum deviations permitted between the mean thickness of a panel and its nominal thickness.

Maximum permitted difference between thickness measurements of an individual sample panel

Sanded

 

Unsanded

 

Sanded

Unsanded

Nominal thickness

Deviation

Nominal thickness

Deviation

Up to and including 18mm

+/ -0.5mm

Up to and including 20.5mm

+ 1.0mm
-0.5mm

mm

mm

Over 18mm

+/-3% of t*

Above 20.5mm

+/-8% of t* -.05

0.8mm

1.5mm

*t is the nominal thickness (in mm).

NOTE. Tolerances for touch sanded plywood are not covered by this table.

 

Table 2. Thickness tolerances for veneer plywood with outer plies of broadleaved species and for core plywood

Maximum deviations permitted between the mean thickness of a panel and its nominal thickness.

Maximum permitted difference between thickness measurements of an individual sample panel.

Nominal thickness

Sanded

Unsanded

Nominal thickness

Sanded

Unsanded

Up to and including 4mm

+ 0.2mm

-0.4mm

+ 0.8mm

Up to and including 12mm

0.4mm

0.8mm

Over 4

+0.2
-(0.4+3% of t)*

-(0.3+3% of t)*

Over 12

0.6

1.0

*t is the nominal thickness (in mm).

 

 
3.Grade Of Plywood

(b) Grades B, BB and C*

No.

Categories of defectst

Grade

B (face)

BB

C* (back)

1

Pin Knots

Permitted if tight and not clustered

permitted

permitted

2

Sound intergrown knots exceeding 3 mm in diameter

Four permitted per 3 square metres of the surface of the outer ply, to a maximum individual diameter of 13mm (not closed)

Five permitted per 3 square metres of the surface of the outer ply, to a maximum individual diameter of 25mm

permitted

3

Partially intergrown knots, unsound knots and nonadhering knots; also holes due to borers and parasitic plants

Not permitted

Permitted to a maximum individual diameter of 9mm , provided their cumulative diameter does not exceed 40mm per square metre and they are properly filled

permitted

4

Irregularities in the structure of the wood: sound burls (curely grain)

permitted if smooth

permitted

permitted

5

Splits

 

 

 

(a) Open splits (puttied)

Two permitted at each end of a panel, to a maximum individual width of 3mm and a maximum individual length of 6% of the panel length

Two permitted at each end of a panel, to a maximum individual width of 5mm and a maximum individual length of 12.5% of the panel length

Eight permitted at each end of a panel, to a maximum individual width of 15mm and a maximum individual length of 40% of the panel length

(b) Close splits (hairline)

Three permitted per panel at the ends and to a maximum individual length of 100mm

permitted

permitted

(c) Compression failure (cross break)

One permitted per outer ply provided hairline and of a length not exceeding 10% of the panel width

One permitted per outer ply provided hairline and of a length not exceeding 10% of the panel width

`

6

Bark pockets

Not permitted

Permitted if very slight

permitted

Resin pockets

Not permitted

One permitted per square metre of the outer ply, to a maximum individual width of 4mm and to a maximum individual length of 100mm

permitted

Resin exudation

Not permitted

permitted if slight

permitted

7

Defects due to borers, vines and parasitic plants

 

 

 

(a) Worm holes and channels

Not permitted

Pinworm holes permitted provided they are occasional, scattered and well puttied. No discoloration permitted. Worm channels not permitted.

permitted

(b) Marks of parasite

 

 

 

plants and vines

Two permitted per outer ply, to a maximum individual width of 4mm and maximum individual length of 100mm , provided the are smoothly sanded and leveled

permitted if occasional and smoothly sanded and levelled

permitted

(c) Chicken track

Permitted if isolated and slight

permitted

permitted

8

Sound discoloration (natural), stain/mineral streak

Permitted if very slight

Permitted if not excessive

permitted

9

Rot

Not permitted

Not permitted

Not permitted

10

Open joints

Not permitted

Three permitted per outer ply, to a maximum individual width of 3mm and to a maximum individual length of 10% of the panel length, if properly filled

Permitted to a maximum individual width of 15mm and to a maximum individual length of 60% of the panel length

Mechanical defects, e.g. chainmarks, machinery stain, sander burns, metal stain, grease, oil or colored chalk on face

Not permitted

Permitted if slight and occasional

permitted

14

Roughness, brashness or torn grain

Permitted if very slight and occasional

Permitted if slight

Permitted if not excessive

17

Inclusion of metal particles

Permitted if non-ferrous and in inner plies or cores only

Permitted if non-ferrous and in inner plies or cores only

Permitted if non-ferrous and in inner plies or cores only

Sanding

Smooth

Reasonably smooth

No special requirements

18

Repairs, boat or symmetrical patch

Not permitted

Five permitted per outer ply, to a maximum individual width of 100mm and to a maximum individual length of 150mm , provided they are well made, are of similar grain and are color matched

Permitted

 

Shims

Not permitted

Permitted to a maximum individual width of 5mm and to a maximum individual length of 300mm , provided they are well made, are of similar grain and are color matched

Permitted

 

Tape or glue residue, putty mark

Not permitted

Permitted if slight and smoothly sanded

Permitted

 

Knifemark

Not permitted

Permitted to a width of 0.8mm if slight

Permitted

20

Other defects which are not indicated

Not permitted unless they resemble a defect already defined in which case they shall be considered under that category

Not permitted unless they resemble a defect already defined in which case they shall be considered under that category

Not permitted unless they resemble a defect already defined in which case they shall be considered under that category

*It is intended that classification by appearance of tropical hardwood plywood covered by this table will, in a reasonable time, comply with the grading requirements for grades ⃿⃿and ⃿given to the grade descriptions in table 6(a).

Numbers cross reference, where possible, to those in table 5,6(a) and 7.

Sometimes designated CC quality.

 
Grade B: Clean wood with small sound knots.
 
Grade BB:Wood with variations in colour and a larger number of sound knots.
 
Grade C:Wood with all kinds of variations in colour and larger knots. Possibility of scattered small knots and unimportant splits.
 
Download BSI Standard and Grade
 
 
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